The screw pump headstock is one of the most critical mechanical components in a Progressive cavity pump or single screw pump system. Its main function is to transmit power from the drive motor to the pump’s rotor while maintaining accurate alignment, sealing integrity, and smooth torque transmission.
High-performance screw pump headstocks are designed to handle high torque, heavy-duty load cycles, and continuous operation in demanding environments such as wastewater treatment, chemical processing, food production, and oil industries.
Constructed from high-grade cast iron, stainless steel, or alloy steel, the headstock provides a robust housing for the drive shaft, bearings, and sealing system. Its precision-engineered internal geometry ensures optimal mechanical efficiency, long service life, and vibration-free operation.
In modern pump systems, the screw pump headstock serves not only as a power transfer unit but also as a protective interface between the motor and the rotor-stator assembly. It absorbs misalignment, dampens vibration, and allows for modular replacement—simplifying maintenance and reducing downtime.
The screw pump headstock is composed of multiple precision-machined components designed to handle mechanical torque and dynamic fluid pressure while maintaining alignment with the rotor shaft.
Housing (Casing):
Made of ductile cast iron or stainless steel, the housing provides mechanical support and enclosure for internal components, protecting them from external contaminants.
Drive Shaft / Coupling Shaft:
Connects the motor output shaft to the pump rotor. This shaft transmits rotational energy and compensates for slight misalignments.
Bearing Assembly:
Heavy-duty bearings support the drive shaft and absorb radial and axial loads generated during pump operation.
Mechanical Seal / Packing Gland:
Ensures a leak-proof connection between the pump headstock and the pumped medium. Mechanical seals are selected based on pressure, temperature, and chemical compatibility.
Gearbox (optional):
In headstocks with integrated gear reduction, this component adjusts the output speed and torque to match process requirements.
Lubrication System:
Ensures smooth bearing operation and prevents overheating during continuous duty cycles.
High Mechanical Strength:
Engineered to withstand high torque and mechanical stress under heavy-duty conditions.
Precision Machining:
Ensures perfect alignment with the rotor and stator for efficient power transfer.
Sealing Reliability:
Advanced mechanical seals or packing systems prevent leakage even under high-pressure conditions.
Corrosion Resistance:
Stainless steel and treated alloy options resist corrosive chemicals and moisture.
Modular Configuration:
Allows for easy disassembly and part replacement without removing the entire pump from service.
| Parameter | Specification |
Material | Cast Iron, Stainless Steel 304/316L, Alloy Steel |
Shaft Material | High-strength Carbon Steel / Stainless Steel |
Torque Capacity | Up to 2000 N·m (varies by model) |
Operating Pressure | Up to 48 bar (depending on pump type) |
Speed Range | 200 – 1500 rpm |
Temperature Range | -20°C to +160°C |
Bearing Type | Heavy-duty roller or angular contact bearing |
Seal Type | Mechanical seal / PTFE packing / double mechanical seal |
Lubrication | Oil bath or grease lubricated |
Coupling Type | Flexible coupling / Pin-type coupling |
Mounting | Horizontal or vertical |
Noise Level | < 75 dB(A) under nominal load |
Service Life | 20,000 – 50,000 operating hours |
High Torque Transmission – Capable of transferring heavy loads from motor to rotor with minimal power loss.
Excellent Sealing – Mechanical seals ensure zero leakage, protecting the system from contamination.
Long Service Life – Robust materials and precise engineering extend lifespan even under demanding use.
Low Maintenance Design – Simple disassembly, modular structure, and standard bearing sizes.
Corrosion and Wear Resistance – Perfect for handling corrosive or abrasive fluids.
Stable Operation – Reduced vibration, noise, and shaft deflection.
Energy Efficient – High transmission efficiency minimizes motor load and energy consumption.
Customizable Options – Available with gear reduction, stainless steel variants, or special coatings for chemical environments.
Transfer of acids, alkalis, solvents, and high-viscosity resins.
Headstock ensures reliable torque delivery in aggressive chemical environments.
Resistant to corrosion, erosion, and high temperatures.
Pumps syrups, honey, chocolate, dairy products, and sauces with sanitary headstocks (316L stainless steel).
Compatible with CIP/SIP cleaning systems for hygienic processing.
Smooth, pulsation-free operation preserves texture and product quality.
Handles creams, gels, lotions, and ointments.
Requires precise torque control and sterile sealing.
Headstocks designed for pharmaceutical-grade screw pumps meet FDA and GMP requirements.
Works with thick sludge, biosolids, and slurry transfer pumps.
Reinforced design resists abrasion and shock loads in heavy industrial environments.
Compatible with filter presses and dewatering systems.
Used in crude oil transfer, drilling mud circulation, and pipeline boosting.
Handles high-pressure and high-viscosity media reliably.
Explosion-proof and corrosion-resistant versions available.
Verify that the motor, coupling, and rotor shafts are clean and free from damage.
Ensure the mounting surface is level and vibration-free.
Check oil levels in the bearing housing or gearbox.
Use precision alignment tools to ensure the headstock shaft aligns with the pump rotor.
Misalignment can cause premature bearing wear and seal failure.
Connect the motor to the headstock using a flexible coupling to absorb vibration.
Tighten bolts to manufacturer-specified torque values.
Fill the lubrication chamber with approved lubricant.
Verify the mechanical seal installation and integrity.
Start at low speed to verify smooth rotation and absence of vibration.
Gradually increase to operating speed while monitoring pressure and temperature.
Maintain stable rotational speed and avoid sudden torque changes.
Monitor bearing temperature; it should remain below 80°C during normal operation.
Keep lubrication clean and at the correct level.
| Interval | Task |
Daily | Visual inspection for leaks or vibration |
Weekly | Check bearing temperature and lubrication |
Monthly | Inspect seals and couplings |
Quarterly | Replace lubricant; inspect shaft alignment |
Annually | Overhaul bearings, seals, and internal components |
Use high-quality lithium-based grease or synthetic oil as recommended.
Replace lubricant every 3000–5000 hours of operation.
Isolate the pump, drain fluid, and safely remove the seal cover.
Install new mechanical seal according to manufacturer orientation.
Always re-lubricate after reassembly.
| Problem | Cause | Solution |
Excessive noise | Misalignment or bearing wear | Realign shafts, replace bearings |
Oil leakage | Seal failure or overfilled lubricant | Replace seals, correct oil level |
Overheating | Insufficient lubrication | Refill lubricant, check oil type |
Vibration | Shaft imbalance or loose coupling | Rebalance shaft, tighten bolts |
Torque loss | Worn coupling or damaged key | Replace damaged parts |
Premature bearing wear | Contaminated lubricant | Clean housing, replace grease |
Always disconnect power before maintenance.
Use appropriate lifting tools for heavy headstock assemblies.
Never operate without proper lubrication.
Avoid contact with moving parts during operation.
Maintain pressure relief valves to prevent overpressure.
Q1. What is the main function of the screw pump headstock?
A1. It transfers rotational torque from the motor to the rotor while maintaining precise alignment and sealing integrity.
Q2. What materials are available?
A2. Cast iron for standard use; stainless steel 316L for food and chemical applications.
Q3. How often should lubrication be replaced?
A3. Every 3–6 months depending on load and temperature conditions.
Q4. Can the headstock be used with variable frequency drives (VFD)?
A4. Yes, it’s compatible with VFD systems for speed control and energy efficiency.
Q5. How long does a typical headstock last?
A5. With proper maintenance, up to 5 years or 50,000 operating hours.
Q6. What’s the difference between a standard and high-pressure headstock?
A6. High-pressure models have reinforced bearings, upgraded seals, and thicker housing for handling pressures above 30 bar.
Durable construction for extended service life.
High mechanical precision for efficient power transfer.
Versatile configurations for different industries.
Corrosion-resistant materials for chemical and food-grade applications.
Low maintenance requirements and easy servicing.
Stable performance under continuous duty.
Reduced downtime due to modular design.
The screw pump headstock is an indispensable component ensuring efficient, stable, and long-lasting performance in all types of progressive cavity pumps.
Its precision engineering, durable materials, and superior sealing technology enable reliable operation even under extreme pressures, high viscosities, and corrosive conditions. Whether in chemical plants, food production lines, wastewater facilities, or oil refineries, the screw pump headstock provides consistent torque transmission and vibration-free performance.
Choosing a high-quality screw pump headstock enhances your system’s overall reliability, reduces maintenance costs, and ensures long-term operational efficiency.
Copyright ? Jiangsu Longjie Pump Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
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